Eggs: 1 tsp baking powder, 1 T water, 1 T white vinegar per egg
Milk: Nondairy liquid fairly much 1 for 1
Wheat: 1 tsp xanthan gum, 1 c alternative flour
Cornstarch: Use arrowroot, but cut the amount in half
Vinegar: Lemon juice
White Flour: Use a whole grain flour, but increase the amount of moisture in your recipe by 20%. Cut shortening by 10%.
White Sugar: Brown sugar, raw sugar, maple sugar, or honey. If you are subsituting honey, grease the measuring cup first, lessen the amount by 1 T + 1 tsp. If you are substituting brown sugar or maple sugar, pack it tightly in the cup.